Unit-4: Agricultural Development Programmes in India ~ BA I Year - Minor - 1: Introduction to Indian Agricultural

 1. Meaning of Agricultural Development Programmes

Agricultural Development Programmes are government initiatives aimed at increasing agricultural production, improving farmers’ income, ensuring food security, and promoting rural development.

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2. Objectives of Agricultural Development Programmes

• Increase crop productivity

• Improve income and welfare of farmers

• Ensure food security

• Promote modern farming techniques

• Reduce rural poverty and unemployment

• Encourage sustainable agriculture

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3. Major Agricultural Development Programmes

1. Community Development Programme (1952)

• First major rural development programme

• Focused on agriculture, irrigation, education, and health

• Promoted people’s participation

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2. Intensive Agricultural District Programme (IADP) – 1960

• Also known as Package Programme

• Provided complete support: seeds, fertilizers, irrigation, credit

• Implemented in selected districts

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3. Green Revolution Programme

• Introduced HYV seeds

• Increased food grain production

• Made India self-sufficient in food

• Limited regional benefits

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4. High Yielding Varieties Programme (HYVP)

• Encouraged use of improved seeds

• Increased productivity of wheat and rice

• Supported modern farming methods

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5. National Agricultural Extension Programme

• Educated farmers about new techniques

• Training and demonstrations

• Bridge between research and farmers

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4. Major Recent Agricultural Programmes

1. Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)

• Income support of ₹6000 per year

• Direct benefit transfer to farmers

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2. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana

• Crop insurance against natural calamities

• Reduces risk for farmers

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3. Soil Health Card Scheme

• Provides information about soil quality

• Promotes balanced use of fertilizers

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4. National Food Security Mission (NFSM)

• Increase production of rice, wheat, pulses

• Ensure availability of food grains

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5. e-NAM (National Agriculture Market)

• Online platform for agricultural trade

• Better prices for farmers

• Reduces middlemen

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5. Role of Government in Agricultural Development

• Providing subsidies

• Ensuring credit facilities

• Investing in research and irrigation

• Price support through MSP

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6. Problems in Implementation

• Lack of awareness among farmers

• Regional imbalance

• Inadequate infrastructure

• Small land holdings

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7. Conclusion

Agricultural Development Programmes have played a significant role in increasing production and improving farmers’ conditions. However, effective implementation and sustainable practices are essential for long-term growth.